Product Description
N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) is a colorless, flammable liquid with a characteristic amine-like odor. It has a molecular weight of approximately 73.09 g/mol, a relative density of about 0.95, and a boiling point of approximately 153°C.
DMF has a melting point of approximately −61°C, a vapor pressure of about 3 mmHg at 20°C, and a flash point of approximately 58°C. Its autoignition temperature is around 445°C. The flammable range in air is approximately 2.2–15.2% by volume, depending on temperature and test conditions.
DMF is completely miscible with water and has excellent solvency for many organic and inorganic compounds. It is therefore widely used as a polar aprotic solvent and chemical intermediate in chemical manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, coatings, polymers, electronics, and other industrial applications.
DMF is classified as a flammable liquid and requires appropriate ventilation, fire protection, and personal protective equipment during handling. Prolonged or repeated occupational exposure may cause adverse health effects, including effects on the liver and reproductive system. Always refer to the applicable SDS and local occupational exposure regulations for detailed safety information.
Product Parameters
| Melting point | -61 °C (lit.) |
| alpha | 0.94 º |
| Boiling point | 153 °C (lit.) |
| density | 0.944 g/mL (lit.) |
| vapor density | 2.5 (vs air) |
| vapor pressure | 2.7 mm Hg ( 20 °C) |
| refractive index | n20/D 1.430(lit.) |
| Fp | 136 °F |
| storage temp. | Store at +5°C to +30°C. |
| solubility | water: miscible |
| form | liquid |
| pka | -0.44±0.70(Predicted) |
| color | APHA: ≤15 |
| Odor | Faint, ammonia-like odor detectable at 100 ppm |
| Relative polarity | 0.386 |
| PH | 7 (200g/l, H2O, 20℃) |
| explosive limit | 2.2-16%(V) |
| Odor Threshold | 1.8ppm |
| Water Solubility | soluble |
| Sensitive | Hygroscopic |
| λmax | λ: 270 nm Amax: 1.00 λ: 275 nm Amax: 0.30 λ: 295 nm Amax: 0.10 λ: 310 nm Amax: 0.05 λ: 340-400 nm Amax: 0.01 |
| Merck | 14,3243 |
| BRN | 605365 |
| Exposure limits | NIOSH REL: TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3), IDLH 500 ppm; OSHA PEL: TWA 10 ppm; ACGIH TLV: TWA 10 ppm (adopted). |
| Dielectric constant | 36.710000000000001 |
| InChIKey | ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| LogP | -1.010 |
| Surface tension | 35.20mN/m at 298.15K |
| Surface tension | 37.1mN/m at 20°C |
| CAS DataBase Reference | 68-12-2(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| NIST Chemistry Reference | Formamide, N,N-dimethyl-(68-12-2) |
| IARC | 2A (Vol. 47, 71, 115) 2018 |
| EPA Substance Registry System | N,N-Dimethylformamide (68-12-2) |
Application Scenarios
N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) is a versatile polar aprotic solvent with excellent miscibility with water and many organic solvents. It is widely used as a solvent, processing aid, and chemical intermediate across multiple industries.
· Polymers and Coatings: Used in the processing of polymer fibers, films, surface coatings, and wire enamels, as well as in the production of acrylic fibers.
· Pharmaceuticals: Used as a process solvent and crystallization medium in pharmaceutical manufacturing and chemical synthesis.
· Organic Synthesis: Used as a reagent in formylation reactions, including reactions with organolithium and Grignard reagents, as well as in the Vilsmeier–Haack reaction and Bouveault-type aldehyde synthesis.
· Chemical Manufacturing: Used as a catalyst or reaction medium in the production of certain acyl chlorides and other specialty chemicals.
· Gas Separation and Refining: Used in selected gas purification and separation processes, including the treatment and refining of olefin-containing gas streams.
· Paints and Adhesives: Used as a solvent in adhesives, coatings, varnish removers, lacquers, fibers, and films.
Overall, DMF is an important industrial solvent valued for its high solvency, excellent miscibility, and broad compatibility with chemical processes.
